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சார்லஸ் mcநிறுவனர்
- Posts : 16182
Join date : 18/12/2012
Location : தேவன் கிறிஸ்தவ களஞ்சியம் 
உலகில் அதிகம் பேசப்படும் 100 மொழிகள்
Tue Mar 22, 2016 1:02 pm
Top 100 Languages by Population
Last updated: February 1999The population figures in this table refer to first language speakers in all countries. Note that these figures are updated from the 13th Edition of the Ethnologue (1996).
Click on the language name to view its home country Ethnologue entry. For other countries in which the language is spoken, click on the three-letter abbreviation.
The entire database from which this table is extracted is available as a tab-delimited file suitable for importing into a database or spreadsheet program: http://www.sil.org/ftp/ethnolog13/langpop99.zip
Part of the Ethnologue, 13th Edition, Barbara F. Grimes, Editor.
Copyright © 1996, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc. All rights reserved.
If you have questions, comments, or updates on the Ethnologue, go to the Feedback page.
[Ethnologue Home | SIL Home]
- சார்லஸ் mcநிறுவனர்
- Posts : 16182
Join date : 18/12/2012 Location : தேவன் கிறிஸ்தவ களஞ்சியம்
Re: உலகில் அதிகம் பேசப்படும் 100 மொழிகள்
Tue Mar 22, 2016 1:04 pm
அதிகமாக பேசப்படும் மொழிகளில் மூன்றாவது மொழி ஆங்கிலம்
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Home French Awards Why Study French? ACTFL Proficiency Homework Grading Criteria AP French Language & Culture 2009 Student Technology Survey 2015 National Language Exams Grade Distributions 1997-2005 Wireless Computer Cart Classroom Video Project FL Study in US High Schools Languages in US Francophone Slideshows Photo Galleries AP French Literature Links AP Literature E-Text Project 2002 Fulbright Photo Galleries 1993 Fulbright Photo Gallery Les Journaux Télévisés Les Causeries Débats Littéraires French Links Histoire de France (RealVideo) Histoire de France French III S1 Oral Finals French III S2 Oral Finals French I S1 Oral Finals French 1 S2 Oral Finals Spanish I S1 Oral Finals Spanish I S2 Oral Finals Spanish II S1 Oral Finals Spanish II S2 Oral Finals Spanish Links Video Contest Languages of the World (Charts) 1996-2005 Student Tech Surveys Most Widely Spoken Languages Arabic Influences in Languages Arabic Numbers National AP Language Scores MAT Articles www.maturner.com    | The World's Most Widely Spoken Languages    Click here to see the full data from Comrie (1998), Weber (1997), and the Summer Institute for Linguistics (SIL) 1999 Ethnologue Survey as well as charts comparing the number of speakers of each language and the number of countries using each language. What are the world's most widely spoken languages? This question is a very interesting one that has a rather complicated answer. Estimates of how many people speak a language are quite general and can vary considerably. For example,English estimates vary from 275 to 450 million, Spanish from 150 to over 300 million, Hindi from 150 to 350 million, and Russian from 150 to 180 million. To further complicate matters, the definition of “speaker” can be vague. Some surveys of languages give information on native speakers only. Others count both native speakers andsecondary speakers (those who use the language regularly or primarily even though it is not their native language). Lastly, it is important to consider not only the population (number) of language speakers, but also the geographic distribution of these languages. Some languages have relatively large populations of native speakers but are used almost exclusively in a few countries. On the other hand, other languages have relatively small populations of native speakers but are used in many different countries as an official or national language. The Summer Institute for Linguistics (SIL) Ethnologue Survey (1999) lists the following as the top languages by population: (number of native speakers in parentheses) [list="font-size: 10pt;"] [*]Chinese* (937,132,000) [*]Spanish (332,000,000) [*]English (322,000,000) [*]Bengali (189,000,000) [*]Hindi/Urdu (182,000,000) [*]Arabic* (174,950,000) [*]Portuguese (170,000,000) [*]Russian (170,000,000) [*]Japanese (125,000,000) [*]German (98,000,000) [*]French* (79,572,000) [/list] * The totals given for Chinese, Arabic, and French include more than one SIL variety. See chart for full details. The following list is from Dr. Bernard Comrie’s article for the Encarta Encyclopedia (1998): (number of native speakers in parentheses)
The following list is from George Weber’s article “Top Languages: The World’s 10 Most Influential Languages” in Language Today (Vol. 2, Dec 1997): (number of native speakers in parentheses)
However, in terms of secondary speakers, Weber submits the following list: (number of speakers in parentheses)
Thus, if you add the secondary speaker populations to the primary speaker populations, you get the following (and I believe more accurate) list: (number of speakers in parentheses)
The following is a list of these languages in terms of the number of countries where each is spoken. The number that follows is the total number of countries that use that language (from Weber, 1997): [list="font-size: 10pt;"] [*]English (115) [*]French (35) [*]Arabic (24) [*]Spanish (20) [*]Russian (16) [*]German (9) [*]Mandarin (5) [*]Portuguese (5) [*]Hindi/Urdu (2) [*]Bengali (1) [*]Japanese (1) [/list] The number of countries includes core countries (where the language has full legal or official status), outer core countries (where the language has some legal or official status and is an influential minority language, such as English in India or French in Algeria), and fringe countries (where the language has no legal status, but is an influential minority language in trade, tourism, and the preferred foreign language of the young, such as English in Japan or French in Romania). For a complete breakdown of each and an accompanying chart, click here. After weighing six factors (number of primary speakers, number of secondary speakers, number and population of countries where used, number of major fields using the language internationally, economic power of countries using the languages, and socio-literary prestige), Weber compiled the following list of the world's ten most influential languages: (number of points given in parentheses) [list="font-size: 10pt;"] [*]English (37) [*]French (23) [*]Spanish (20) [*]Russian (16) [*]Arabic (14) [*]Chinese (13) [*]German (12) [*]Japanese (10) [*]Portuguese (10) [*]Hindi/Urdu (9) [/list] |
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